ABSTRACT
In the last few years due to the COVID-19 pandemic the pollution with large quantities of medicaments, disinfectants and essential oils raised the importance of their detection in wastewater. The research of new techniques for diagnostics continues. Some promising methods for finding contaminators of different origin are based on the optic and spectral characteristics of the examined water. Those could be used in determining the exact pollutant. The spectroscopic examination could also be conducted real-time under in vivo conditions. In this research, we use fluorescence spectroscopy to investigate the purity of water probes from the discharge of the Iskar River near the treatment plant in Samokov (Bulgaria) and the influence of small amounts of disinfectants (ethanol). The results show that fluorescence can be used to determine the purity of water probes and little amounts of alcohol in wastewater.
ABSTRACT
Emotional well-being during prolonged disasters as the pandemic is difficult to achieve, but it is important for the recovery of the society. The aim of the papers is to analyse social adaptation to stress in the context of emotional well-being during the pandemic with Covid-19. This survey was conducted in Bulgaria in May–June 2020 during the coronavirus pandemic through an online survey with 635 participants. To collect data about psychometric characteristics a questionnaire was created to measure positive affect, negative affect, and emotional well-being. The results show that 23.3% of the subjects experienced emotional distress during the coronavirus pandemic. Forty-eight percent of the subjects had moderate emotional well-being during the coronavirus pandemic. 28.7% of subjects experienced strong emotional well-being during the coronavirus pandemic. Effective coping strategies during the coronavirus pandemic were maintaining control in difficult situations and perceived self-efficacy, which increased emotional well-being. Maintaining control reduced difficulties in work and difficulties in having a good relationship with people, which further increased emotional well-being. © 2022, Scibulcom Ltd.. All rights reserved.